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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER H. THORDARSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TRANSFORMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

A ters'- of reference I'n'arlied: thereon, which forma art -gol this specification. j

This invention relates `to iinpr'ovements in electrical .transformers and relates more specifically to the ivindingsr coil structures 4 l Spirelly .trrduif i of the transformers;

Amoiigfthe objects ofthe invention is to provide an improved arrangement of the coil structure for transformers and like de-l vices wherein the winding is composed of a plurality of separately wound winding sections or units suitably connected and spaced `in suchaqvay as to suitablyjinslate the winding sections one from the itlier, and to also provide between the Winding sec? tions YVentilating passages for the olw 'of a i coolingmedium, so. arrangedthat all Jthe tiirii'shl cach' section4 are' exposed' on o posite' sides.of thesection t'o the action o the cooliiigI fmediu'IIi-l Qtlier.z objects-of .the vinvention are to i1nproveiand simplify; coil .structures of this generalchaifact'er, Aandftlie invention con@ sists iiii thematter's hereinafter set forthj and more articularly pointed out in the ap end ed-V aiins. l

fn the. drawings Figure Lis a sectionalviewof a shell type transformento which my'invention may be ap lied, taken onthe line 1. .1 of Fig. 2.

ig. 2 is a sectional'view of the coil. andI magnetic circuit, taken on `the line 2-2'of Fig. 1, and showing also a portion of the inclosing casin in section.

F 3 is a vetail sectional view'of ajgroi'ip4 of coil sections.

Fig. 4 is a' perspective view of one or the spacing strips; iol: spacing the 'col sections.

Fi f5 'is -aiifjen'larged sectional detail of the tensi'dn'rsectioiial ivindiii As s oi'ivn inftlidrawngs, 10 designates the core member 11, 11- the side pieces and 12,12 the end pieces of the magnetic circuit of a shell type transformer. The circuit structure is composed of thin. laminas clamped together in any suitable manner,

Patented May 4, i920.

.ippiieaiion med December s, 191s. serial No. so5,253.

and i110 circuit is provided within@ usual windows 14 through v'vhich the sides o r legs .windings,4

of the primary and" seconda; designated as a wholfe by 15 an 16,'respectively and 'Wound-jupon the core member'O, exten Thesaidpriinary vvindingima be of any suitable tgpehalnd isinsula'te'cl l'rn the coi-e 'meinber theinsulatin'g sleeveilS,

ters PatengfSerial -776j521Y-led :oithe soia da if=-Jun, 1913, raient i,2i5;429, of'clate'- "c b. 13, 1917. The I'Jres'er'it'iii'ven-- tion is particularlyfapplicableto'this type of .c oi'l windi 0' 4but 's'iit-necessaii'lyin all its aspectsvv imiled thereto. The turns 21 of said `windingsare"bare and: are 'shown as insulated Y froni each "other" by insulating strips 21', tivo stri sgheiiigshovvn as employed betiveen a jacent and lar'- raiioed in'such,inanneithat'thellare edges of tie tiirsaefexposd atthe'sides of the coil to the direct influence of a cooling m'ediiinr flowing" a'st 'the "same; said Vbare edges being insti' ated frni'each other by 'the overhanginged'ges of `-the insulating strips. The 'said sections are 4'herein' shown: as connected -in series. They are off-.general dish shape, being de ressed from their` outer .to their inner e ges44 -a's most clearly shhivnfin Figs. 1 and'3;" his'arra ement, in a'group of coil winding s ectionsnis oses the' relatively flat memlier'rsrle o the winding sections inv'trai'isverse oblique relaiiQn to each other, aidftiiejafiangement is s iich'f that 'at both"the"ii ie'r' and lthe outer edges-'f the Winding-'the' sections are arranged alternately 'close together and wider apart-'so as to therebyprovide bein my copending plicatioii; for UE 4'I'Je't-z tween said -winding sections y aces of ta for the reason that the potential difference between the edges of the winding sections which are connected is so small as to permit said edges to be placed close together, whereas the potential difference between the unconnected edges is greater and requires a wider insulating space. By this arrangement a given set of winding units or sections may be disposed in a more compact space than if the sections were arranged in parallel planes.

The said sections are spaced from each other b v tapered, relatively narrow spacin and insulating strips 23, which exten through the interspaces of the secondary winding and from the inner to the outer edges of the coil sections. These strips are made of wood or other suitable insulating material. They are held in their relative fixed positions by means of strips 24, 25 ar ranged across the inner and outer edges, respectively, of the winding sections, and are inter-locked or otherwise suitably engaged with the ends of the spacing strips. As herein shown, the interlocking connection is a tongue and groove connection, the strips being provided with tongues 26 which engage grooves in the strips 24 and 25. The inner strips 24 or those arranged across the inner edges of the winding sections bear against the insulation 27 between the rimary and secondary windings and are t us held {ixedly in place. Certain of the outer strips 25 bear against the outer edges of the windows 14 of the magnetic circuit, while others of the strips 25 may be braced in any suitable manner against the casing 28 in which the transformer elements are contained.

The said strips 23, 24 and 25 arranged as shown provide definite passages for directing the flow of a cooling medium around and between the units or sections of the coil. The presence of the strip 24 between the inner edges of the winding sections and the insulation 27 provides. between the said insulation and the winding sections spaces or passages 30 for the [low of a cooling medium and these centrally arranged spaces communicate with all of the lateral or radial spaces. or passages between the coil sections and defined by the strips 23. It will thus be seen that the cooling medium is brought into contact with each edge of each turn of the winding sections or units so that a uniform and eiiicient cooling of the coil is effected and maintained.

The flow of the cooling medium will be upward around the core member 10 and laterally outwardly through the passages between the coil sections and defined by the strips 23 and downwardly against the relatively cool walls of the casing 28. The' said strips 23 also serve to brace the coil sections, across which they extend. The core may also be provided with one or more ventilating spaces 32.

The terminals of the transformer herein shown have not been illustrated, inasmuch as the arrangement of said terminals will be varied to conform to transformers of different types.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the structural details herein shown, but that it is the intent to claim all of invention that is inherent in the structure shown and described and which is novel `in view of the prior art.

I claim as my invention 1. A transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, winding elements surrounding same comprising bare conductors, with insulation between the turns thereof and arranged to provide means for avoiding short circuiting of adjacent turns upon each other and'to maintain the bare turns exposed to free access to a A cooli'n medium, and meansfor spacing the win 'n elements, permitting a cooling medium to e directed past all the bare turns to bring it uniformly to sources of heat set up in the winding elements under electrical stress'. A'

2. A transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, winding elements surrounding the same comprising a lat bare wire, with an in-A sulating medium separating the turns of the wire and extending at the edge thereof laterally beyond the `line of contact yof the medium with the wire to providemeans forl avoiding short circuiting of adjacent turns ulpon each other and arranged to maintain t 1e edges of the turns exposed to free` access of a cooling medium, and means :for spacing the winding elements, permitting a coolin medium to be directed past the bare ed o all of said turns to bring it uniformi-yl;5 to sources of heat set up in the winding elements.

3. A transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, a winding surroundin the same composed of slab-like units, eac consisting of spirally wound fiat bare wire, with the turns of each unit insulated from each other against current leakage between their edges, the bare edges of all of the turns of each unit being exposed at the side of the unit, and means for spacin the units, permitting a cooling medium to directed uniformly to the bare edges of all of the turns of the winding.

4. A transformer comprising a magnetic circuit, a 1'winding surrounding the same composed of slab-like units, each consisting of a spirally wound flat, bare wire, with the turns of each unit insulated from each other against current leakage between their edges, the bare edges of all of the turns of each unit being exposed at the side of the unit, and insulatingy spacers between the units to brace the winding structure and to provlde passages to permit a coolin medium to be each turn of the uniti fg all of the turns cooling effect Jof a lated througliysaid 10. A transform circuit, a Winding thereon composed o slablow tension wind like units, each composed of a plurality of sulated from said turns of narrow, thin flat wire, with two or like high tension windi more insulating strips between each turn, ing the low tension w each strip being so thin as not to afford in ing spacers between the itself a reliable insulation between the turns high and each turn of each coil having a naked winding adap edge exposed at the side of the coil for .direct tween the hig contact with a cooling medium, and insulatand narrow i in g spacers between said units to brace said high tension directed to the bare edges o of the winding. Y 5. A transformer comprising a ma netic windings and to permit a cooling medium tween said u to be directed to the bare edges of all the municate with the fir v sa es.

6. A transformer comprising a magnetic g1. A transformer comprising circuit, a plurality of spaced disk-like Windlow tension ings surrounding the same, each composed sulated from of a spirally wound fiat bare wire, with the like high tension win turns thereof insulated from each other, the ing the low tension bare edges of all the turns of each wire belating high tension wi adapted to turns of the winding.

ing exposed at each side of each winding, the

and spacing means between the windings sion winding permitting a cooling medium to be directed sages between to the bare edges of all the turns of the windings, and windings. tween the high 7. A transformer comprising a magnetic vid of a spirally wound flat bare wire, with the eac turns thereof insulated from each other, the wire, th bare edges of all the turns Aof each wire beeach ot ing exposed at each side of each winding, bare and and narrow insulating spacers between the tween Islaid l2. structure and to afford conduits to direct a winding thereo cooling medium to the bare edges of all of ductive relatio the turns of the windings. said core, 8. coil structure for transformers and composed like uses composed of a pluralityof spaced wound coi windings adapted to brace the' winding disk-like windin units composed of Hat flat winding units, each composed of a -spirally the opposite sides of the unit, and insulating and spacing means between said units arwhich extend from the inner to the outer edges of the units, whereby each edge of ted to prov.

winding surrounding plurality of diskg units surroundnarrow insuges of ow tenspacers between, the

riding units and l provide oil pasand low tension ing spacers beding units to ronarrow msulat tension win aid units o circuit, a plurality of spaced disk-like windcommunicate with the first ings surrounding the same, each composed passages, said high tension win g a spirally woun e turns of which are ins and with the ed exposed to the oil sformer, a core n, a secondary w n to the primary said secondary win of a plurality l sections ha faces, and each m bare wires in which the bare edges of each wound flat bare conduct turn are exposed at the sides of the units edges of its tu and spacing, reinforcing and insulating of the coil se means between them to provide between the spaced from units passages which extend from the inner transverse to the outer sides of the units, whereby the which co bare edge of each turn of each winding unit circulatin is directly exposed to the action of a cooling edges of th medium circulated through said passages. of each coil section is su 9. A coil structure for transformers and action of the c the like uses comprising a plurality of for electrically testimony th wound flat bare wire and an insulating meas my invention I a dium between the turns thereof, whereby presence the bare edges of each turn are exposed at Decembre ction, said passages -throu mmunicate with passages at the inner e coil sections,

oolingr meu 'f two witnes r, A. D. 1913.

CHESTER H. THORDARSON. ranged to provide a plurality of passages Witnesses:

s exposed to the direct cooling medium circuprising a core, a

g and ina plurality of diskng units surrounding, narrow insulatinner edges of the nd the low tension ide oil passages bew tension wndin spacers between t units to provide bepassages which comt mentioned oil pasa. OOI'GZ a. land 1nding units d Hat bare 95 ulated from ges of the turns passages bea primary inding in inand eing

of separately substantially f a spirally p with the ed at the :dat sides coil sections being providing e winding cooling medium and outer whereby each turn lect to the direct d means said coil sections.

I claim the foregoing my signature, in the ses, this 3rd day of 120 

